城市绿色空间作为改善居民公共健康的重要环境资源,其健康效益发挥与使用者游憩活动密切相关;现有研究多关注游憩资源管理和优化,尚未充分利用游憩机会谱理论关于游憩环境分类的成熟框架指导面向健康效益最大化的游憩资源配置;旨在探索基于游憩机会谱理论提升城市绿色空间公共健康效益的实现路径。通过梳理游憩机会谱理论的内涵及其在城市绿色空间研究中的应用,采用理论分析方法,将游憩机会谱的6类游憩环境对应到城市绿色空间,从物理特征、社会特征和管理特征三个方面梳理提升城市绿色空间使用者公共健康效益的路径。物理特征层面,构建多时空城市绿色空间健康生活圈,满足使用者日常活动、周末家庭休闲以及假期深度自然体验的健康活动需求;社会特征层面,构建从独处到群体交往的社会互动空间,满足使用者多样化的社交需求;管理特征层面,建立从低强度到高强度干预的差异化管理体系,结合使用者行为和空间环境的动态监测,实现游憩资源的精准管理和持续优化。最终为促进城市居民多样化健康需求与绿色空间游憩资源的匹配提供理论框架和实践路径,提升城市居民公共健康管理效能。
Abstract
Urban green spaces serve as crucial environmental resources for improving public health outcomes among residents, with their health benefits closely linked to users' recreational activities. Existing researches have primarily focused on recreational resource management and optimization, yet have not fully utilized the mature framework of Recreation Opportunity Spectrum (ROS) theory for classifying recreational environments to guide resource allocation aimed at maximizing health benefits. The work aims to explore pathways for enhancing the public health benefits of urban green spaces based on ROS theory. By reviewing the connotations of ROS theory and its applications in urban green space research, theoretical analysis is employed to map the six recreational environment categories of the Recreation Opportunity Spectrum to urban green spaces, and the pathways for enhancing users' public health benefits are identified from three dimensions of physical characteristics, social characteristics, and managerial characteristics. At the physical characteristics level, it is proposed to construct multi-temporal and multi-spatial health-oriented living circles around urban green spaces to meet users' health activity needs ranging from daily activities and weekend family leisure to in-depth nature experiences during holidays. At the social characteristics level, it is advocated to create social interaction spaces spanning from solitude to group engagement to satisfy users' diverse social needs. At the managerial characteristics level, it is recommended to establish a differentiated management system ranging from low-intensity to high-intensity interventions, combined with dynamic monitoring of user behaviors and spatial environments, to achieve precise management and continuous optimization of recreational resources. Ultimately, this study provides a theoretical framework and practical pathways for promoting the alignment between urban residents' diverse health needs and green space recreational resources, thereby enhancing the effectiveness of urban public health management.
关键词
城市绿色空间 /
公共健康 /
游憩机会谱 /
游憩行为 /
健康效益
Key words
urban green spaces /
public health /
recreation opportunity spectrum /
recreation behavior /
health benefits
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基金
国家自然科学基金面上项目（52378054）; 中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助（CGPY202410）
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