In the context of the current market-oriented development of rural civil engineering and the rise of cultural tourism, how to protect the growth of natural villages and the production and life of local residents while meeting the needs of tourists, and avoid the waste of social resources? Does human intervention in ethnic villages lead to the loss of authenticity of villages? These are questions that need to be considered urgently. The Hani ethnic group, being a unique ethnic group of Yunnan, has cultivated distinctive ethnic traits in a relatively closed environment. Currently, the exploration of Hani villages primarily relies on qualitative analysis or is carried out through the measurement and documentation of traditional villages. This paper takes Zuofu Village, a traditional Hani ethnic village in China, as the research object. By using space syntax software for analysis, it explores the deep relationship between the spatial structure of Hani villages and the culture of the Hani ethnic group. Mainly through the analysis of integration degree, depth value, connection value, etc., this paper extracts the correlation between the development context of villages and the culture of the Hani ethnic group from the complex spatial structure of Zuofu Village's spatial system. It puts forward improvement suggestions for the future development of Zuofu Village, thus providing a rational support for the continuity design of traditional Hani ethnic villages in China.