Facing the strategic opportunities of the "Fifteenth Five-year Plan" period, the role of Chinese design is undergoing a fundamental shift from professional service to strategic empowerment, and is being positioned as a key "system converter" that drives the dual-circulation development pattern. The core mission of this role is to provide robust support for national strategies and contribute intellectual resources to civilization development. By analyzing ten strategic scenarios, including future industries, AI+, and new energy systems, this paper elucidates how design, as a system converter, integrates technological logics with social functions, orchestrates heterogeneous resources, and shapes new socio-technical paradigms. To undertake this role, the discipline of design needs to upgrade its capabilities along four dimensions of intelligent creation, complex systems, cultural translation, and sustainable development. Ultimately, it should become an indispensable "strategic innovation enabler" of the nation, thereby promoting profound transformations from scientific and technological innovation and industrial upgrading to new civilized forms.