基于儿童行为心理的寒地城市绿地空间优化研究

曲涵嘉; 袁青; 冷红

doi:10.19798/j.cnki.2096-6946.2025.03.007

PDF(3991 KB)

工业工程设计 ›› 2025, Vol. 7 ›› Issue (3) : 54-62. DOI: 10.19798/j.cnki.2096-6946.2025.03.007

城市绿地与公共健康（专题主编林广思）

基于儿童行为心理的寒地城市绿地空间优化研究

曲涵嘉, 袁青, 冷红^*

作者信息 +

Spatial Optimization of Urban Green Space in Winter Cities Based on Children's Behavioral Psychology

QU Hanjia, YUAN Qing, LENG Hong^*

Author information +

文章历史 +

摘要

结合寒地城市儿童特性,基于寒地城市儿童行为心理研究,提出当前寒地城市绿地空间建设面临的主要问题,并讨论在极端气候影响下的寒地城市绿地空间的优化策略。通过分析寒地城市儿童的心理需求与行为特征,总结寒地城市绿地空间与儿童行为心理的关系。主要从绿地空间气候适应性不足使儿童行为受限和绿地缺乏特色空间,无法满足儿童心理需求两方面分析当前寒地城市儿童使用绿地空间面临的问题。通过结合寒地城市独特的气候特征、社会文化、自然资源等要素,进而提出提升寒地绿地空间的舒适性与安全性、增强寒地空间的季节适应性、优化寒地城市绿地空间的功能设计等优化策略,促进寒地城市儿童身心健康发展,并为寒地城市儿童友好的绿地空间规划与设计提供理论依据和实践指导。

Abstract

Combined with the characteristics of children in Winter cities and based on the study of children's behavioral psychology in cold regions, the work aims to put forward the main problems faced by the construction of urban green space in winter cities and discuss the optimization strategy of urban green space under the impact of extreme climate. By analyzing the children's behavioral psychology in winter cities, the relationship between urban green space and children's behavioral psychology in winter cities is summarized. The problems faced by children in cold cities in using green space are analyzed from two aspects, including the lack of climate adaptability of green space, which limits children's behavior and the lack of characteristic space in green space, which can not meet children's psychological needs. The study promotes the physical and mental health development of children in winter cities by improving the comfort and safety of green space in cold regions, enhancing the seasonal adaptability of cold space and optimizing the functional design of urban green space in cold regions, and provides theoretical basis and practical guidance for the planning and design of child-friendly green space in winter cities.

导出引用

曲涵嘉, 袁青, 冷红. 基于儿童行为心理的寒地城市绿地空间优化研究[J]. 工业工程设计. 2025, 7(3): 54-62 https://doi.org/10.19798/j.cnki.2096-6946.2025.03.007

QU Hanjia, YUAN Qing, LENG Hong. Spatial Optimization of Urban Green Space in Winter Cities Based on Children's Behavioral Psychology[J]. Industrial & Engineering Design. 2025, 7(3): 54-62 https://doi.org/10.19798/j.cnki.2096-6946.2025.03.007

中图分类号： J525 TU984.1

参考文献

[1] 王伟,李一双,刘海涛. 城市公共服务均等化的多维辨析与评估[J]. 北京规划建设,2018(1):106-113.
[2] 王录仓,常飞. 基于多源数据的兰州市公共服务设施配置格局与规划策略[J]. 规划师,2019,35(18):12-18.
[3] 张雅琪,陈韩梅,刘旭青,等. 基本公共文化服务均等化研究综述[J]. 国家图书馆学刊,2018,27(1):31-39.
[4] 李敏谊,崔雨芳,王诗棋,等. 屏幕时间、户外活动时间与学龄前儿童身体健康的相关性研究[J]. 教育生物学杂志,2021,9(2):96-101.
[5] MCCURDY L E,WINTERBOTTOM K E,MEHTA S S,et al.Using Nature and Outdoor Activity to Improve Children's Health[J]. Current Problems in Pediatric and Adolescent Health Care,2010,40(5):102-117.
[6] ROE J. Green Space, Psychological Well-being,Physical Health: a Critical Review of the Literature[J]. Health & Place, 2017(46): 167-172.
[7] BARTON J,PRETTY J.What Is the Best Dose of Nature and Green Exercise for Improving Mental Health?A Multi-Study Analysis[J]. Environmental Science & Technology,2010,44(10):3947-3955.
[8] FJØRTOFT I. The Natural Environment as a Playground for Children:The Impact of Outdoor Play Activities in Pre-Primary School Children[J]. Early Childhood Education Journal,2001,29(2):111-117.
[9] RAMAN T L,ABDUL AZIZ N A,YAAKOB S S N. The Effects of Different Natural Environment Influences on Health and Psychological Well-Being of People:A Case Study in Selangor[J]. Sustainability,2021,13(15):8597.
[10] 中华人民共和国中央人民政府. 关于推进儿童友好城市建设的指导意见[EB/OL]. (2021-09-30)[2024-12-20]. https://www.gov.cn/zhengce/zhengceku/2021-10/21/content_5643976.htm.
[11] BURDETTE H L,WHITAKER R C,DANIELS S R.Parental Report of Outdoor Playtime as a Measure of Physical Activity in Preschool-Aged Children[J]. Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine,2004,158(4):353-357.
[12] MCKEE D P,MURTAGH E M,BOREHAM C A G,et al.Seasonal and Annual Variation in Young Children's Physical Activity[J]. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise,2012,44(7):1318-1324.
[13] 邢子博,张天洁. 儿童友好视角下城市公园品质与可达性研究——以巴塞罗那学龄前儿童为例[J]. 南方建筑,2021(5):13-21.
[14] 李爽. 浅谈儿童友好型公园的规划设计[J]. 中国园林, 2021,37(S1):80-84.
[15] 鲍鲁泉. 儿童户外游戏场地自然化设计探析[J]. 中国城市林业,2013,11(3):38-40.
[16] J. FRANCIS,L. J. WOOD,M. KNUIMAN, et al.Quality or Quantity?Exploring the Relationship Between Public Open Space Attributes and Mental Health in Perth,Western Australia SocSci Med.,2012,74(10):1570-1577.
[17] VAN DILLEN S M E,DE VRIES S,GROENEWEGEN P P,et al. Greenspace in Urban Neighbourhoods and Residents' Health:Adding Quality to Quantity[J]. Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health,2012,66(6):e8.
[18] LEDERBOGEN F,KIRSCH P,HADDAD L,et al.City Living and Urban Upbringing Affect Neural Social Stress Processing in Humans[J]. Nature,2011,474(7352):498-501.
[19] PEEN J,SCHOEVERS R A,BEEKMAN A T,et al.The Current Status of Urban-Rural Differences in Psychiatric Disorders[J]. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica,2010,121(2):84-93.
[20] MARIN M F,LORD C,ANDREWS J,et al.Chronic Stress,Cognitive Functioning and Mental Health[J].Neurobiology of Learning and Memory,2011,96(4):583-595.
[21] TAFET G E,BERNARDINI R.Psychoneuroendocrinological Links between Chronic Stress and Depression[J]. Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry,2003,27(6):893-903.
[22] THOMPSON COON J,BODDY K,STEIN K,et al.Does Participating in Physical Activity in Outdoor Natural Environments Have a Greater Effect on Physical and Mental Wellbeing than Physical Activity Indoors?A Systematic Review[J]. Environmental Science & Technology,2011,45(5):1761-1772.
[23] VAN DEN BERG A E,KOOLE S L,VAN DER WULP N Y. Environmental Preference and Restoration:(how)Are they Related?[J]. Journal of Environmental Psychology,2003,23(2):135-146.
[24] VAN DEN BERG A E,HARTIG T,STAATS H. Preference for Nature in Urbanized Societies:Stress,Restoration,and the Pursuit of Sustainability[J]. Journal of Social Issues,2007,63(1):79-96.
[25] JOHNSON J E,CHRISTIE J F,YAWKEY T D.Play and Early Childhood Development(2nd ed)[M]. London:Longman,1999:372.
[26] 郑爽,董音,周洋. 基于认知和感知体验的儿童公园设计——以新疆克拉玛依市儿童公园设计为例[J]. 中外建筑,2024,(5):25-31.
[27] KAPLAN D.Snow-Child Interactions during the Winter Season in a Temperate Zone:Czech Republic[J]. Wellbeing,Space and Society,2023,5:100166.
[28] 冷红,高竹青,袁青. 寒地城市儿童不同季节住区户外活动特征及空间规划启示[J]. 中国园林,2020,36(9):53-58.
[29] 冷红,栾佳艺,袁青. 寒地城市老幼群体不同季节住区户外活动特征及其影响因素研究[J]. 西部人居环境学刊,2024,39(2):41-48.
[30] HAZLEHURST. Esidential Green Space and Behavioral and Mental Health in Early Childhood[j]. University of Washington,2021.
[31] FENG X Q,ASTELL-BURT T.Residential Green Space Quantity and Quality and Child Well-Being:A Longitudinal Study[J]. American Journal of Preventive Medicine,2017,53(5):616-624.
[32] 朱洺萱,许大为. 基于SPSS的寒地城市居住区外环境对居民户外活动的影响分析[J]. 现代园艺,2022(23):31-34.
[33] 宋海宏,唐婧楠,崔鹏,等. 寒地城市景观格局对地表温度及碳汇效能影响机制研究——以哈尔滨为例[J]. 建筑科学,2025,41(2):213-220.
[34] 金春燕,方飞,周扬,等. 北方寒地城市冬季景观营造研究——以长春市为例[C]//持续发展理性规划——2017中国城市规划年会论文集(07城市设计). 东莞,2017:646-655.
[35] 冷红,张东禹,袁青. 寒地城市儿童健康导向的社区规划策略研究[J]. 上海城市规划,2021(1):23-30.
[36] 单杰,梅洪元,潘文特. 寒地城市儿童冬季户外活动空间满意度影响因素探究[J]. 建筑学报,2022(S2):86-90.
[37] 冷红,李姝媛. 冬季公众健康视角下寒地城市空间规划策略研究[J]. 上海城市规划,2017(3):1-5.
[38] 中华人民共和国建设部,中华人民共和国家质量监督检验检疫总局. 城市绿地设计规范:GB 50420—2007[S]. 北京:中国计划出版社,2007.
[39] 李和平,何宝杰,彭建,等. 气候适应性设计创新实践[J]. 城市规划,2025,49(1):21-28.
[40] 窦瑞,王崑,张献丰,等. 基于儿童自然教育的寒地社区花园景观营造与设计[J]. 北方园艺,2021(8):79-84.
[41] 陈梁. 生态伦理视域下的儿童自然教育[J]. 现代教育科学,2019(12):14-20.
[42] 单杰,梅洪元,潘文特. 寒地城市亲子共享空间设计策略——以美国安娜堡2|42社区中心为例[J]. 当代建筑,2022(8):126-129.
[43] 吴松涛,高野,彭晓,等. 疗愈导向下寒地校园暖廊与绿地空间的交互模式研究[J]. 园林,2024,41(7):14-20.