探索山地公园犯罪安全影响机理,提出相应环境安全设计优化方法,为我国山地公园游憩空间安全研究与治理实践提供参考。引入环境设计预防犯罪理论（CPTED）,从领域感、监视性、入口控制、环境形象维护、活动支持、目标强化六方面建构山地公园游憩空间安全性评价指标体系,运用空间注记、深度访谈和问卷量表、因子分析等方法,验证上述要素对山地公园游憩空间安全性影响的重要性排序。通过对重庆洪恩寺公园的样本分析,发现公共领域模糊、环境维护疏失、缺乏视线监视、空间引导性不足、入口数量过多、活动分布不均是导致山地城市公园犯罪安全问题的主要空间影响因素。山地公园在建设、治理过程中,可以通过强化公共场地领域感、加强绿植与场地维护、强化空间引导标识、加强边界管理、优化场地布局、举办多元活动等方式提升公园游憩空间的安全性。
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to explore the mechanism of the impact of crime safety in mountainous parks, propose corresponding methods for optimization of environmental safety design, and provide references for the research and governance practice of recreational space safety in mountainous parks in China. The theory of Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design (CPTED) is introduced to construct an evaluation index system for the safety of recreational space in mountainous parks from six aspects: sense of territory, surveillance, entrance control, maintenance of environmental image, activity support, and target reinforcement. Spatial annotation, in-depth interviews, questionnaire scales, and factor analysis are used to verify the importance ranking of the above elements in influencing the safety of recreational space in mountain parks. Through the sample analysis of Hong'en Temple Park in Chongqing, it is found that the main spatial influencing factors leading to crime safety problems in mountainous city parks are the ambiguity of public areas, poor environmental maintenance, lack of visual surveillance, insufficient spatial guidance, excessive number of entrances, and uneven distribution of activities. In the construction and governance of mountainous parks, the safety of recreational space can be improved by strengthening the sense of territory in public areas, enhancing the maintenance of green plants and the site, strengthening spatial guidance signs, strengthening boundary management, optimizing site layout, and holding diverse activities.
关键词
山地公园 /
游憩空间 /
环境安全 /
CPTED /
安全性评价
Key words
mountainous parks /
recreational space /
environmental safety /
CPTED /
safety evaluation
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基金
2021年度重庆市社会科学规划项目（2021NDYB090）; 2021年度国家自然科学基金青年项目（52108042）; 2020年度重庆市自然科学基金面上项目（cstc2020jcyj-msxmX0329）
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