Starting from the two specific architctural types like memorial arch and tori, the work aims to explore the homologics and diftrences between Chinese and Japanese architectures and try to find out the root causcs of the similarities and difeces be-tween Chinese and Japanese traditionl architectures, thus helping people better understand the cultural diftrences between China and Japan and the important infuence of diferent cultural backgrounds on traditional architectural design ideas and architectural forms. Mainly through the method of comparative stuady, first of all, the origin of memorial arch and tori architecture was explored,and the homology of the two architectures was understood. Secondly, the differences of aesthetic characteristics between China and Japan were discussed starting from the different national characters, cultural characteristics and aesthetic thoughts of the two coun-tries, so as to re-understand and construct their own culture while understanding the cultures of other countrices. Many Japanese cul-tures took Chinese culture as their prototype and formned their own unique appearance and acsthetic characteristics after absorption and integration. Acsthetic ideas such a "silence", "mouming for thigs" and“mystery" were deeply rooted in the acsthetic activi-tices of the Japanese nation and had a profound impact on Japanese utensils and buildings. At the same time, the Confucian spirit and Taoist spirit in Chinese taditional aesthetics had also deeply influenced all aspects of Chinese creation design. Through comparative study, people can more clearly understand the similarties and ifrences of acsthetic characteristics between China and Japan. As contemporary designers, people should leam from cach other's strong points to make up for deficiencics, re-explore design inspiration in traditional buildings and comprchensively utilize various factors to innovate and develop design works with national characteristics.